Stainless hlau feem ntau muab faib ua peb hom: austenitic, ferritic, thiab martensitic, raws li nws cov microstructure. Cov khoom sib nqus ntawm stainless hlau nyob ntawm nws cov microstructure thiab tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Austenitic stainless hlau, xws li 304 thiab 316, tsis yog hlau nplaum vim lawv muaj lub ntsej muag-centered cubic (fcc) crystal qauv uas tsis tso cai rau magnetic teb los ntawm yooj yim. Cov hlau tsis muaj hlau no muaj cov qib siab ntawm chromium thiab npib tsib xee, uas muab lawv cov khoom tiv thaiv corrosion thiab ua rau lawv tsim nyog siv rau hauv ib puag ncig hnyav.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, ferritic thiab martensitic stainless hlau yog sib nqus vim lawv lub cev-centered cubic (bcc) crystal qauv. Ferritic stainless hlau, xws li 430, muaj cov chromium ntau dua li martensitic stainless hlau, ua rau lawv corrosion-resistant ntau dua. Martensitic stainless hlau, xws li 410, yog cov hlau nplaum thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion tsawg.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, 304 thiab 316 stainless hlau tsis yog hlau nplaum vim lawv yog austenitic stainless hlau nrog fcc siv lead ua qauv. Txawm li cas los xij, tej zaum yuav muaj qee cov khoom sib nqus yog tias cov hlau ua haujlwm txias lossis yog tias nws muaj impurities.
